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IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION LEGAL GLOSSARY |
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Glossary of Immigration and Naturalization Terms
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NACARA: Nicaraguan Adjustment and Central
American Relief Act.
National: A person owing permanent allegiance to a state.
NATO Official: As a non-immigrant class of admission, an alien coming
temporarily to the United States as a member of the armed forces or as a
civilian employed by the armed forces on assignment with a foreign government
signatory to NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), and the alien’s spouse
and unmarried minor (or dependent) children.
Naturalization: The conferring, by any means, of citizenship upon a
person after birth.
Naturalization Application: The form used by a lawful permanent resident
to apply for U.S. citizenship. The application is filed with U.S. Citizenship
and Immigration Services at the Service Center with jurisdiction over the
applicant’s place of residence.
Non-Immigrant: An alien who seeks temporary entry to the United States
for a specific purpose. The alien must have a permanent residence abroad (for
most classes of admission) and qualify for the non-immigrant classification
sought. The non-immigrant classifications include: foreign government officials,
visitors for business and for pleasure, aliens in transit through the United
States, treaty traders and investors, students, international representatives,
temporary workers and trainees, representatives of foreign information media,
exchange visitors, fiances of U.S. citizens, intracompany transferees, NATO
officials, religious workers, and some others. Most non-immigrants can be
accompanied or joined by spouses and unmarried minor (or dependent) children.
Non-Preference Category: Non-preference visas were available to qualified
applicants not entitled to a visa under the preferences until the category was
eliminated by the Immigration Act of 1990. Non-preference visas for persons not
entitled to the other preferences had not been available since September 1978
because of high demand in the preference categories. An additional 5,000
non-preference visas were available in each of fiscal years 1987 and 1988 under
a provision of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986. This program was
extended into 1989, 1990, and 1991 with 15,000 visas issued each year. Aliens
born in countries from which immigration was adversely affected by the
Immigration and Nationality Act Amendments of 1965 (Public Law 89-236) were
eligible for the special non-preference visas.
North American Free-Trade Agreement (NAFTA): Public Law 103-182 (Act of
12/8/93), superseded the United States-Canada Free-Trade Agreement as of 1/1/94.
It continues the special, reciprocal trading relationship between the United
States and Canada, and establishes a similar relationship with Mexico.
Numerical Limit, Exempt from: Those aliens accorded lawful permanent
residence who are exempt from the provisions of the flexible numerical limit of
675,000 set by the Immigration Act of 1990. Exempt categories include immediate
relatives of U.S. citizens, refugees, asylees (limited to 10,000 per year by
section 209(b) of the Immigration and Nationality Act), Amerasians, aliens
adjusted under the legalization provisions of the Immigration Reform and Control
Act of 1986, and certain parolees from the former Soviet Union and Indochina.
Nursing Relief Act of 1989: Public Law 101-238 (Act of 12/18/89),
provides for the adjustment to permanent resident status of certain
non-immigrants who as of September 1, 1989, had H-1 nonimmigrant status as
registered nurses; who had been employed in that capacity for at least 3 years;
and whose continued nursing employment meets certain labor certification
requirements.
Nationality: The country of a person’s citizenship or country in which
the person is deemed a national.
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